What are the contents of basic first aid skills

The basic first aid skills that ordinary people need to master are screened around the three principles of "being able to save lives, being easy to operate and being low-risk", which mainly include four categories: cardiac arrest first aid, trauma first aid, common emergency treatment and airway foreign body obstruction first aid. Other operations that require professional qualifications, such as intravenous administration and tracheal intubation, are not needed by ordinary people, but rashly operated are risky.

Put the most life-saving at the front, and the cardiopulmonary resuscitation +AED operation corresponding to cardiac arrest is the highest priority among all basic first aid. Last year, I was giving a lecture on popular science in the community basketball court. I happened to meet a young man who was playing night ball and suddenly fell down. Everyone around me was afraid to call 120. Fortunately, Lao Zhang, who opened a convenience store nearby, had participated in our training before, and rushed to do chest compressions at the first time. The security guard ran to get the AED at the entrance of the park and used it in less than 4 minutes. Later, the doctor in the hospital said that if it was 2 minutes late, the young man would probably not be saved. Before, many people were worried that they were unprofessional, and they were responsible for breaking their ribs. Now, there is no need to be too entangled: on the one hand, there have been many first-aid exemption regulations in China, and they will not bear civil liability for damages caused by voluntary first aid; On the other hand, the consensus in the industry is that as long as it is to save lives, even if there are common complications such as rib fractures, it is far better than brain death caused by missing gold for 4 minutes. Of course, some people in the legal profession have suggested that keeping witnesses on the spot as much as possible and cooperating with follow-up investigations can reduce unnecessary disputes.

After talking about the emergency treatment of cardiac arrest with low incidence rate but the highest mortality rate, the most common problems we encounter every day are actually the trauma problems caused by various bumps. You don't have to learn how complicated dressing techniques are, but you can avoid common misunderstandings and do a good job of basic disposal. I have compiled several operating points of high-frequency scenes, which are more clear:

I saw an aunt who cut vegetables before, and she came to the hospital with a handful of incense ashes in a panic. It took almost half an hour to clean up, and she was almost infected. There is really no need to believe these earthwork.

In addition to trauma, it is also important not to mess around when someone around you has an emergency. For example, patients with epilepsy should not put chopsticks in people's mouths or their own hands. Before, a family member was afraid that the patient would bite his tongue and his fingers would be almost bitten off. The correct way is to remove sharp objects around him and let him lie on his side to prevent vomit from choking, and then send him to the doctor after the attack. There are still many people whose first reaction to fainting is to pinch someone. At present, there is no unified conclusion in academic circles: it is generally believed in the field of western medicine that pinching people has no clear first-aid effect, but it may cause lip damage and even affect the patient's airway patency due to improper application of force; Traditional Chinese medicine believes that Renzhong point belongs to the first-aid point, which has a certain effect on awakening mild syncope caused by hysteria and hypoglycemia. Ordinary people encounter this situation, in fact, they don't have to worry about whether to pinch it. First, squat down and pat the patient's shoulder to see if he is conscious, and feel the pulse in his neck. If he is conscious, ask what is uncomfortable and deal with it accordingly. For example, giving candy to hypoglycemia and moving to a cool place for heatstroke are better than anything else.

There is also a kind of situation that is not high in incidence but fatal once it happens, that is, airway foreign body obstruction. Last month, my friend's 2-year-old baby ate a jelly card, and his face turned purple. His mother cried with fear. Fortunately, his father had brushed the Heimlich science before, and slapped the baby on the back five or six times with his head down, and the jelly spit out. If it was 120, it might really be too late. This operation is not difficult either, but it should be noted that the operation methods of different groups of people are different. Adults are standing behind with their fists on their upper abdomen, and babies under one year old have to pat their back pressure chest on their arms in turn, so they can't work hard blindly, or they will easily hurt their ribs and internal organs.

In recent years, I have been doing community first aid science, and people always say, "I'm too stupid to remember so much." In fact, I really don't need to learn by rote. When I have time, I can go to the Red Cross Society near my home for a free half-day training and practice it twice. When something really happens, I'm better than anything else. After all, the first aid is more important than the skill. Of course, the premise is that the operation is standardized, so don't use earthwork indiscriminately.