Is surgery necessary to check for uterine cysts?

Whether a uterine cyst requires surgery needs to be comprehensively judged based on the nature, size and symptoms of the cyst. Most physiological cysts do not require surgery, while pathological cysts may require surgical intervention.

Physiological cysts such as corpus luteum cysts and follicular cysts are usually related to the menstrual cycle, and are mostly less than 5 cm in diameter. Most of them disappear spontaneously within 2-3 menstrual cycles. This type of cyst usually has no special symptoms, and occasionally there is a slight feeling of distension in the lower abdomen. It can be observed through ultrasound follow-up and does not require special treatment. It is recommended to review the ultrasound every 3-6 months. During this period, avoid strenuous exercise or heavy physical labor, and maintain a regular schedule to help stabilize hormone levels.

Pathological cysts include endometriosis cysts, cystadenoma, etc. Surgery needs to be considered if the diameter exceeds 5 cm, persists for more than 3 months, or is accompanied by severe dysmenorrhea, abnormal bleeding, or compression symptoms. Laparoscopic cyst removal is a common surgical procedure with the characteristics of less trauma and quick recovery. ； If malignancy is suspected, rapid intraoperative pathological examination is required, and hysterectomy is performed if necessary. New ovarian cysts after menopause or those with solid components and abundant blood flow signals in the cysts need to be highly vigilant about the risk of malignant transformation.

It is recommended that patients complete further evaluation such as tumor marker examination and magnetic resonance imaging, and require regular follow-up after surgery. Avoid abusing estrogen-based health products on a daily basis. If you experience acute abdominal pain, you should be alert to cyst rupture or pedicle torsion and seek medical attention immediately.