Effects of pregnancy with uterine fibroids

Pregnancy in patients with uterine fibroids may have an impact on pregnancy. In most cases, the pregnancy can be normal, but in a few cases, miscarriage, premature birth or abnormal fetal position may occur. Uterine fibroids are common benign tumors of the female reproductive system. Changes in hormone levels during pregnancy may stimulate the growth of fibroids.

Increased levels of estrogen and progesterone during pregnancy may contribute to the increase in the size of uterine fibroids. Enlarging fibroids may compress the uterine cavity, resulting in limited space for fetal movement and increasing the probability of abnormal fetal position. When fibroids are located close to the endometrium, they may interfere with embryo implantation and cause early miscarriage. When fibroids are larger or more numerous, they may cause uterine contractions, leading to an increased risk of premature birth. Some pregnant women may experience uncomfortable symptoms such as abdominal pain and vaginal bleeding.

When fibroids are located under the uterine serosa or within the muscle wall and are small in size, they usually do not have a significant impact on pregnancy. These fibroids may remain stable or increase only slightly during pregnancy. In rare cases, fibroids may undergo red degeneration, causing severe abdominal pain and fever, requiring prompt medical intervention. When the placenta adheres to the surface of the fibroid, it may affect the fetal nutrient supply and cause growth restriction.

It is recommended that patients with uterine fibroids undergo a detailed gynecological examination before pregnancy to assess the size, number and location of the fibroids. Ultrasound examinations should be performed regularly during pregnancy to monitor changes in fibroids and fetal development. If you experience abdominal pain, vaginal bleeding or abnormal fetal movements, you need to seek medical attention immediately. Maintain a balanced diet, take appropriate iron supplements to prevent anemia, and avoid strenuous exercise and heavy physical labor. The mode of delivery needs to be comprehensively evaluated based on the condition of the fibroids and the condition of the fetus. Some patients may require cesarean section.