Basic first aid skills test question bank answers

There is no nationally unified fixed examination question bank for basic first aid skills in China. All official certifications (Red Cross Society of China first aid certificate, Ministry of Emergency Management emergency rescue certificate, and entry-level first aid assessment for medical personnel) test questions are from the "Red Cross Society of China First Aid Guide (2023 revision)". Extracted from the 12 core modules of "Clinical Emergency First Aid Operation Standards", 90% of the standard answers to high-frequency test questions have been formed into a common test point package. The proportion of differentiated test questions from different institutions does not exceed 10%. The standard answers to the core test questions and common error points are summarized below.

A while ago, I helped the district Red Cross organize this year's first aid assessment examination materials. I looked through the examination questions from various places in the past three years. In fact, the test points that I have reviewed over and over again are just a dozen points. There is no such thing as "exclusive questions" or "internal question bank". Most of the so-called "top secret real questions" sold online for tens of dollars are old questions from seven or eight years ago, and the answers are out of date. For example, the most frequent test point in the judgment question: "You should apply toothpaste/soy sauce as soon as possible after mild burns and scalds to relieve pain." The standard answer is "wrong". The correct operation is to shower with running cold water for 15-30 minutes. When I last invigilated the exam, 19 of the 32 candidates failed this question. Some people plausibly said that my mother usually applied it to me like this, which made the examiner laugh.

By the way, I would like to mention a controversial point here. Regarding whether to open the blisters for burns and scalds, the current assessment standard of the domestic Red Cross Society for the general public is: it is not recommended for non-professionals to open the blisters on their own to avoid infection.； However, some schools of clinical medical care believe that if the diameter of the blister exceeds 2cm and the tension is high, the blister fluid can be withdrawn with a sterile syringe after disinfection and the skin of the blister can be retained. In this regard, if you are taking the first aid test for medical care, you can choose the latter, and if you are taking the general public first aid certificate test, you can choose the former. Both answer scores are considered valid.

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is a must-test for multiple choice and operation questions. Many people memorize the confusing values. The general standard answer is a compression frequency of 100-120 times/minute, a compression depth of 5-6cm, and the ratio of chest compressions to artificial respiration is 30:2. But when I took the AHA (American Heart Association) cardiac emergency certificate exam last year, the examiner specifically said that for general public rescuers who have no first aid experience, there is no need to limit the depth value, as long as you use the strength of your upper body to press hard - after all, it is difficult for ordinary people to accurately control the force. Instead, they dare not press hard for fear of breaking their ribs, missing the golden 4 minutes of first aid time. This is the subtle difference between different certification systems. During the exam, it depends on which system you are taking, and you will basically not make a mistake.

Let me tell you something that left a deep impression on me. Last year, a candidate took the practical test. His CPR movements were very standard, the compression frequency and depth were all correct, and artificial respiration was in place. In the end, he only scored 60 points and just passed. Why? Because the simulation scenario is that someone was hit by a car and fainted. He rushed over and knelt down to press the car. He did not first judge whether there were any cars around him or whether there was a risk of a secondary collision. He also did not ask the people next to him to call 120 or find an AED. These pre-steps accounted for 40 points. You can judge whether it is a loss or not. Today's exams are becoming more and more scene-based. You can't get points just by memorizing the essentials. You must first have the awareness of "keep yourself safe first, and then save others."

There is also the issue of foreign body obstruction in the airway. Many people do Heimlich no matter what the situation is. This is also a common mistake. The general standard answer is: If the other person can still speak and cough forcefully, it means that the airway is not completely blocked. Don't slap the back and hit him blindly. Just let him cough on his own. ； Only use the Heimlich abdominal thrust when you can't speak, turn blue, or can't breathe. ； If the other person is already unconscious and falls to the ground, you have to do CPR directly. Don't hold the person around and do shocks.

Oh yes, there is also the question of hemostasis. Many people think that the tighter the tourniquet is, the better, and the longer it is, the better. In fact, the general standard answer is: the tourniquet should be tied near the heart of the wound, as close to the wound as possible, and the tightness should be enough to prevent bleeding. There are also different assessment requirements here: if the general public cannot judge the remote blood supply, it is not recommended to relax casually to avoid acute renal failure caused by the reflux of a large amount of toxins. ； If it is an assessment of medical staff, it is generally required to relax for 1-2 minutes every 45-60 minutes. When answering questions, just pay attention to distinguishing the assessment objects.

To be honest, I took the first aid certificate test from different institutions three times. My deepest feeling is that the purpose of these questions is never to trouble anyone, but to make you dare to take action and be able to operate when you encounter a real situation. If you really want to study the questions, just go to the simulation practice section of the official website of the Red Cross Society of China. They are all the latest officially updated answers. If you want to take the AHA test, go to their official official account to find the simulation questions. It can basically cover all test points. There is really no need to spend money on messy materials.