Summary of popular science training of basic first-aid skills

76% of the trainees can independently complete more than two common first aid operations. At present, the biggest obstacle to the popularization of public first aid is not the difficulty of skill learning, but the psychological anxiety of "being afraid of taking responsibility" and the confusion of decision-making in first aid scenarios. The operational differences of different first aid guides also bring some confusion to ordinary learners.

On the first day of training, I met a very representative scene: Xiao Zhou, who just graduated, practiced cardiopulmonary resuscitation, and suddenly stopped by the tenth time, his face flushed and said, "Did I just have too much strength?" What if I really break my ribs and my family tells me? " Half the people present nodded, saying that they had brushed similar social news before, and they really didn't dare to go forward when they met something. On the spot, we printed out the "exemption from emergency rescue" clause in the civil code and posted it on the classroom wall, clearly stating that as long as the first aid is carried out voluntarily and no serious injury is intentionally caused, no civil liability is required, and everyone can rest assured and continue to practice.

Of course, psychological barrier is one thing, and whether skills can be mastered solidly is another matter. This time, all our assessments are real-life simulations, and there is no paper answer. Finally, the mastery of various skills is as follows:

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Heimlich is the fastest way for everyone to learn, and many people come with real experiences-Uncle Wang, who lives in Building 3 of the community, said that his grandson got stuck in his throat with jelly last month, and he took a pat on his back for a long time before he recovered. Now, when I think about it, I'm still scared. When I practiced this time, I held the simulated person and refused to give up, and the standard of action was higher than that of many young people. On the contrary, people generally think that the "simplest-looking" AED has the lowest compliance rate. When asked, most people say that they have never seen this thing at all, and they don't even know if there is an AED in their own community or company. Even if they learn to operate, they can't find the equipment when they really encounter something, so naturally they have no motivation to remember the steps.

When it comes to operating standards, we also specially responded to the confusion that "different courses have different opinions" mentioned by many people before, instead of just talking about a single standard. At present, there are indeed two mainstream systems of popular first aid training: the current training requirements of the Red Cross Society in China require that in case of cardiac arrest, first call for help and dial 120, and then evaluate conscious breathing to carry out compression. The logic of this standard is that considering that most ordinary learners do not have enough first aid experience, contacting professionals first can avoid problems in subsequent operations, which is suitable for the vast majority of ordinary people who have not been systematically trained; The guide of the American Heart Association (AHA) mentions that "people aged 18-50 can press before calling for help when witnessing sudden cardiac arrest" because this kind of situation is likely to be sudden cardiac death, and the income from pressing for 4 minutes before onset is extremely high, which is more suitable for learners with certain first aid experience. We specifically told the students that there is no need to worry about which is the "standard answer". If something really happens, just follow the set you have learned, which is better than standing still.

In this training, we didn't cram knowledge points, and we did a lot of grounding skills: for example, many people can't remember that the depth of CPR should be 5-6 cm, so we put an ordinary smartphone next to the simulator and said that just press it to the thickness of the mobile phone, and everyone will get it at once. There is also hemostasis and bandaging. Many people are wrapped like zongzi at first, which is so loose that they can slide down. We teach everyone that "one finger can be reached after wrapping" just to save limb ischemia.

To be honest, after doing so many first aid trainings, my biggest feeling is that popular science can't just teach movements, but it is useful to solve all the concerns behind it. At the end of this training, we gave everyone a carry-on card with first-aid steps and exemption clauses printed on it, and also called a question-and-answer group. In half a month, some people asked about the handling of various emergencies, such as "Do family members want to induce vomiting after eating cephalosporin and drinking wine?" We all replied one by one. In the future, we plan to do a free retraining every three months. After all, it is useless to rely on a lecture for first aid. We need to practice more until we form a muscle memory. Only when something really happens can we dare to do it and use it.