The relationship between poisoning and accidental first aid is

The relationship between poisoning and accidental first aid is essentially a nested relationship between "special scenarios and general systems" - poisoning is one of the most common types of household and public accidents, and is fully covered by accidental first aid.； The general handling principles of accidental first aid are the underlying support for poisoning first aid, and the specific requirements for poisoning first aid, in turn, continuously complement and optimize the overall framework of accidental first aid.

Last summer, I went to the police with the community first aid volunteer team and encountered an incident where Mr. Zhang from the community mistakenly drank half a cup of herbicide in a mineral water bottle as cold water. The family members were so panicked that they kept crying in the corridor. One moment they had to pour soapy water into the uncle to induce vomiting, and the next moment they had to carry him on their backs and run to the hospital. A small half bottle of herbicide solution was spilled on the ground. The first step when we arrived at the scene was to persuade irrelevant personnel to leave, and covered the leaked medicine with sand to prevent other people from getting it. Then we felt the pulse and checked the rise and fall of the chest to confirm that the vital signs were stable. We asked about the type of medicine, dosage and time of taking it. We fed the uncle half a cup of activated carbon suspension prepared in advance and sent it to the emergency room. Later, the uncle had his stomach washed and there was no serious problem. You see, in this entire process, the first half of the process, to check environmental risks and confirm vital signs first, is completely consistent with the logic of dealing with ordinary accidents such as electric shock, falls, and burns. They are the core general principles of accidental first aid, and they are not inconsistent at all in poisoning scenarios.

Of course, poisoning has its own special characteristics. If the first aid ideas for ordinary trauma are completely copied, problems will easily arise. As for whether oral poisoning should be induced to vomit, our volunteer team had a special quarrel two years ago. An old volunteer who has been working for more than ten years said that previous trainings taught that as long as the patient is conscious and it takes more than half an hour to get to the hospital, inducing vomiting can quickly reduce the absorption of poisons. Over the years, he has handled more than ten cases of accidentally ingesting rat poison and pesticides. After inducing vomiting, the patients recovered well after being sent to the hospital. ； However, a young team member who had just graduated from medical school read the latest international first aid guidelines and said that it is no longer recommended for the general public to blindly induce vomiting. He had seen esophageal burns caused by vomiting during emergency rotations before, and there were also patients who suddenly lost consciousness when being induced to vomit, and the vomit entered the lungs and directly suffocated. Now when we go out to popularize science, we will not say that we can definitely urge people to do so or that we absolutely cannot. We will only repeatedly remind everyone to call 120 as soon as possible, clearly explain the patient's status and the type of poison, and it is safest to listen to the on-site guidance of professionals. There is no need to impose unified standards.

Another thing happened at the end of last year. A parent rushed into a community hospital with his two-year-old child in his arms. He said that the child took the antihypertensive medicine on the table while the adults were not paying attention. He couldn't tell exactly what medicine it was or how many pills he had taken. He didn't even bring the medicine bottle. The doctor could only intubate the child for gastric lavage first, and waited for almost half an hour before the child's father sent the medicine. Fortunately, it was a small dose of ordinary calcium channel blockers, and nothing serious happened in the end. Later, when we updated the community first aid science manual, we added a special line: "Preserve poison samples and remember the dosage as soon as possible for poisoning first aid" - this line was not in the original general accident first aid handbook. The previous content only mentioned that burns should be flushed with cold water for 15 minutes, and electric shocks should be turned on first. After adding this line, it is equivalent to broadening the coverage of the entire accident first aid.

I have been a first aid volunteer for almost four years. To be honest, what scares me the most is responding to police reports of poisonings, especially those with unknown causes. When you encounter a car accident or fall, you need to stop bleeding and fix fractures. These are all problems that can be seen with the naked eye. ； Poisoning is different. Many people seem to be fine when they first take poison. When the poison attacks, it progresses very quickly. Moreover, the treatment methods of different poisons are completely opposite: you must not induce vomiting after drinking a strong acid such as toilet cleaning spirit, otherwise it will burn the esophagus again. ； If you drink organophosphorus pesticides, you have to take atropine as soon as possible on the way to the hospital, which is almost impossible.

Some people may say, since poisoning is so special, why not separate it and build an independent first aid system? In fact, it’s not like no one has mentioned it before, but think about it, how can ordinary people memorize so many sets of procedures? If you get burned, get electrocuted, or poisoned, your brain will panic and you won't be able to remember anything when something goes wrong. To embed poisoning into the existing accident first aid system, everyone should first remember the general principle of "avoiding risks first, saving lives first, and then dealing with specific problems." At most, two or three additional special precautions for poisoning will be remembered, which will make it easier to implement.

Last month, our community held a stall to popularize first aid science, and an aunt asked me if I had to drink milk to detoxify anything I accidentally ate. I told her not to feed her indiscriminately, but to call 120 first. The operator said she could drink before drinking. An old man next to me talked to him and said that his grandson accidentally took half a multivitamin tablet a few months ago. He followed what he had learned from popular science before and collected the rest of the medicine and the medicine bottles and called 120. People said that there was nothing wrong with the small dose and that he just had to drink more water, so he did not mess around. You see, if poisoning is put into the general framework of accidental first aid, everyone can learn it quickly and use it accurately. This is the most practical meaning of the nested relationship between the two.