On the difference and connection between poisoning and accidental first aid

The core difference between the two is that the attribute of the source of injury and the priority of disposal are completely different-poisoning is the injury caused by exogenous poison entering the human body through ingestion/inhalation/contact/injection, and the first priority is always to cut off the contact of the source of poison; Accidental first aid is an injury caused by external forces such as physical/mechanical/thermal forces, and the first priority is to avoid secondary injuries and quickly deal with fatal injuries. The core connection between the two is that they belong to the high-frequency scene of pre-hospital first aid and share the underlying principle of "saving lives first and then treating injuries", and more than 60% of the complex scenes will have the superposition of poisoning and accidental injuries at the same time, which cannot be completely separated.

Last summer, I went out with a policeman from the 120 Dispatching Group, and I am particularly impressed by it now: the basement of the old community was renovated, and the workers fell to the ground and broke their heads. The first reaction of the workers who worked together was to press the wound and say that they fell on the air. When we arrived, we were just about to lift people. A young nurse suddenly smelled the smell of rotten fruit in My Sweetie floating in the air, and quickly stopped. Everyone first evacuated to the ground for ventilation. Later, we found out that the benzene in the waterproof paint was volatilized beyond the standard. The workers were poisoned and fainted before they broke their heads. If we had rushed to carry people in the basement for two more minutes, we would have to take it in.

Many people's understanding of these two types of first aid stays at "one is eating bad/taking drugs, and the other is falling and touching". When they really arrive at the scene, they often confuse priorities and delay things. I sorted out the commonly used contrast dimensions in front-line disposal, so I don't have to memorize them. It's enough to turn them out and take a look when I meet something:

At present, there have been two different tendencies in the field disposal of unexplained falling to the ground in pre-hospital emergency circle: most of the old emergency workers who have worked for more than ten years are used to rushing to check vital signs and investigate trauma. After all, massive bleeding and airway obstruction caused by trauma often kill people in a few minutes; However, in recent years, newly trained first-aid personnel are required to do environmental investigation at the first time to see if there are any toxic sources such as gas leakage, pesticide bottles and chemical reagent tanks. After all, "only by ensuring that you don't fall down can you save others". Both statements are supported by practical cases, and there is no absolute right or wrong. Generally, the current disposal standard is that two people go to the police, one to check the environment and one to check the injury, and try to take care of both sides.

In fact, if you really run to the scene, you will find that there are few cases of pure poisoning or pure accidents, and the two are often tied together. I met a big sister in the countryside before. She quarreled with her family and drank dichlorvos. After drinking it, she regretted running out and calling for someone. She broke her leg when she stepped on the air on the road. The neighbor found out that her first reaction was to fix her leg. When she arrived at the hospital, dichlorvos had been absorbed for almost half an hour, and it was only after washing her stomach three times that she was rescued. Later, when we were doing science popularization, we repeatedly said that if you encounter this kind of mixed injury, don't stick to the order, and do what you can at the same time-someone will collect the pesticide bottle and induce her to vomit, and someone will fix her leg to stop bleeding at the same time, which is completely conflict-free.

To tell the truth, we ordinary people really don't have to memorize any classification standards when we learn first aid. I have seen too many people panic at the scene, wondering "Is this poisoning or an accident?" For a long time, you dare not start work. In fact, you just need to remember two basic principles: First, look around for danger, and don't save others and put yourself in; Second, as long as people are not breathing or heartbeat, do cardiopulmonary resuscitation first (that is, chest compressions plus artificial respiration), and everything else will be discharged later.

Before, a young nurse asked me how to quickly distinguish between poisoning and accidents. I told her that you would understand after running ten scenes-the classification in the textbook is dead, people are alive, and the disposal that can save people is right.