Summary of experience in basic first aid skills popularization training

First aid has never been a professional skill that only medical staff can master. Ordinary people can master it by spending 3 hours of systematic study and 2 practical exercises. At critical moments, they can seize the golden window for treatment of emergencies such as sudden death and foreign body stuck in the throat.； However, the current public misunderstandings and operational deviations about first aid are far more serious than "not knowing how to do it".

I always thought that cardiopulmonary resuscitation required breaking ribs, and I didn’t dare to do it unless I had to. This time I touched the medical simulator and realized how much force it takes to press to a depth of 5 centimeters - my arms were sore and shaking after less than a minute of pressing, and the simulator kept saying "The compression depth is not enough." "The courier boy who participated in the training next to him joked, "If this was a real person, I would have collapsed from exhaustion before I could rescue him." The teacher then added: So when someone dies suddenly, don't carry it alone, call the people around you to take turns to press the button, and wait for 120 or an AED to arrive. The key is.

By the way, there is no unified requirement in the academic community for whether non-professionals should perform artificial respiration. The latest guidelines from the American Heart Association recommend that non-professionals only perform chest compressions to avoid delaying the compression rhythm due to lack of proficiency and reduce concerns about infectious diseases.； However, the training system of the domestic Red Cross Society still considers artificial respiration as an optional content. It is recommended that if you have a basic foundation or are a family member who is familiar with the patient, you can cooperate with compressions. Ordinary people are really worried, and standard compressions will be of great help. There is no need to worry about whether artificial respiration is useless if you don’t do artificial respiration. If you dare to use your hands, you are already better than 90% of people.

To be honest, my understanding of hemostasis before was still limited to "tying the upper end of the arm" in the TV series. This time I realized that the pressing position for venous bleeding and arterial bleeding are completely different. For arterial bleeding, you need to press the pulse point on the side of the wound close to the heart, and the tourniquet must be loosened at most every 40 minutes. Otherwise, the limb will become ischemic and necrotic and will require amputation. In the past, the elderly in the family always said that toothpaste and soy sauce healed quickly when burned. During this training, an aunt said on the spot that her grandson was burned last week and applied toothpaste. When she went to the hospital, she was scolded by the nurse and refused to accept it. After listening to the comparative case presented by the teacher - the infection rate of burns treated with toothpaste was three times higher than that of those treated with cold water. She slapped her thigh on the spot and said that she would throw away the tube of mint toothpaste used to apply burns at home when she returned home.

I made a joke when I was practicing the Heimlich maneuver. When I was demonstrating to my partner, I put my fist in the wrong position and didn’t use the right force. The teacher patted me on the back and said, “Are you slapping someone off? Hold a hollow fist two fingers above your navel, and exert force inwards and upwards. If someone gets stuck in the throat with a fish bone or jelly, you won't be able to push the thing out with such weak strength." Some people also asked pregnant women what to do if their throat is stuck. The teacher said that you should not press your belly at this time, but the lower half of your chest. If you are alone at home and your throat is stuck, you can find a hard chair back or table corner to hold your upper abdomen and press hard, which can also save your life.

There is also the most commonly used method of "pinch someone in the middle". Now there are different opinions. According to traditional experience, pinching someone in the middle can promote awakening, but the modern emergency system believes that if the patient has lost consciousness, pinching the person in the middle may cause the patient's neck muscles to contract due to painful stimulation, blocking the airway, and affecting ventilation. The teacher said that there is no absolute right or wrong. If you encounter someone who faints, you should first turn his head to one side, clean the vomit and foreign objects in his mouth to ensure that the airway is not blocked, and then consider whether to choke the person. Don't come up and pinch the person's face tightly, not even letting him breathe.

When I passed by a subway station and saw the AED box on the wall, I always thought it was a "high-tech product" that only doctors can use. This time I dismantled a simulator on site and found out that when you turn it on, a voice will teach you step by step how to apply the electrode pads. It will judge whether to defibrillate by itself. You only need to follow the prompts and there is no need to worry about pressing the wrong button. Nowadays, many business districts, schools, and gymnasiums are equipped with AEDs. Don’t be afraid to take them if you encounter trouble. They are more useful than you think.

I now have a palm-sized first aid kit in my bag, which contains iodophor cotton pads, hemostatic bandages, and a small card I printed myself. The key points of CPR compression are written on the front, and the AED locations of three nearby subway stations and two shopping malls are written on the back. It doesn’t mean that I can become an emergency doctor after studying for half a day, but if I encounter someone on the road and something happens to me, I won’t just stand aside and call 120 in a panic. If I take one more step forward, I might be able to save one more life.