The difference between poisoning and accidental first aid lies in

The core difference between poisoning and accidental first aid lies inThe priority of damage traceability logic, the directivity of intervention target and the path of pre-judgment of "delayed injury" are completely different.. This is not a theoretical distinction between speaking like a book, but a practical boundary where people may die in the first-line first aid. I worked in the city emergency center for three months two years ago, and I have seen too many cases where my family members confused the two and almost delayed the rescue.

Last autumn, there was a police call, and someone fainted in a vegetable field in the suburbs. The family reported that he had "fallen from heatstroke". When we arrived at the scene, someone was already pinching the patient and fanning him. His trouser legs were rolled up to his knees, and there was wet omethoate on them, and the pesticides on his legs were almost dry. I didn't know that the patient had been taking medicine all morning without wearing protective clothing. When people in the same trade saw him suddenly fall down, they thought it was heat stroke, and they didn't think about poisoning at all-if we came 10 minutes later, the organophosphorus absorbed by the skin would be enough to cause respiratory muscle paralysis, and the probability of being rescued would drop by half.

Many people think that first aid is not all about "saving your life first and then finding the reason"? That's true, but in the scene of poisoning and accident, the order is really different. If you encounter a definite accident such as a car accident or falling from a height, the first reaction at the scene must be to check whether there is arterial bleeding or airway blockage, press immediately when the heartbeat stops, and fix the fracture first. Finding the reason is something that needs to be refined after going to the hospital. However, if you are highly suspicious of poisoning, your first priority is to cut off the source of the poison first: take off all contaminated clothes immediately if you are contaminated with pesticides, and flush your skin with a lot of flowing water; If you take it by mistake, you should first look at your state of consciousness to judge whether you can induce vomiting. Even the rescuer should wear gloves and don't touch the patient's vomit, otherwise it is easy to get caught by himself.

In fact, there has always been a debate in the first aid circle here: when the International First Aid Federation updated its guidelines two years ago, one school of scholars insisted that "all scenes should be given priority to life support", thinking that tracing back to the source would delay gold for four minutes, but another school of first-aid personnel strongly opposed it, saying that every year, there are cases of secondary poisoning caused by rescuers' direct contact with patients' secretions without protection, especially cyanide and organophosphorus, which are highly volatile and can be absorbed through the skin, so you should not move to a safe place first. There is no absolute right or wrong, it depends on the specific situation of the scene, but the core boundary is: the core of accidental first aid is "to protect the life at present", and the core of poisoning first aid is "to break the subsequent injury first".

I sorted out the most commonly used differences in the first-line practice, and ordinary people can understand them at a glance:

|-------------------------|----------------------------------|------------------------------------------|

As you can see from the table, the two laid hands on him in completely different directions. The most regrettable case I have ever seen is a 16-year-old child who ate wild mushrooms at a party with his classmates. At first, he vomited and had diarrhea. Parents thought it was a bad stomach (also a common digestive tract accident), but they didn't take it seriously after taking antidiarrheal drugs. As a result, after three days, the child suddenly became jaundice and liver failure, and it was too late to be sent to the hospital. If parents realized that it might be poisonous mushroom poisoning, they would induce vomiting and send the leftovers to the hospital for gastric lavage at the first time.

Most accidental injuries are "immediate", and subsequent problems are chain reactions caused by injuries already caused by external forces. You are dealing with existing injuries. But poisoning is different. As long as the poison is still in the body and in contact, it will continue to cause new damage. You have to turn off the leaking "faucet" first, and then wipe the water on the ground, otherwise it will be useless to wipe it quickly.

Another point that is easily overlooked is the judgment of the follow-up risk. Many unexpected delayed injuries are regular, such as being alert to cerebral hemorrhage 24 hours after falling to the head and preventing fat embolism 3 days after fracture. These are the processes in which the injuries that have been formed gradually appear. However, the delayed injury of poisoning is completely "counter-common sense". For example, people who drink paraquat may have nothing but sore throat when they first drink it, and many people feel fine when they can walk, jump and talk. As a result, their lungs begin to irreversible fibrosis after a week; There is also puffer fish poisoning. At first, it was just numbness and dizziness. After two hours, respiratory muscle paralysis may occur, and even the ventilator may not be able to save it. If you judge the prognosis of poisoning according to the law of accidents, it is too easy to take it lightly.

Seriously, ordinary people don't have to remember these differences so dead. There is the simplest trick to judge: whenever someone suddenly falls ill/faints, first glance around to see if there are any opened medicine bottles, strange food that hasn't been eaten, and scattered chemicals, and if there is any pungent smell, when you call 120, mention "there is a pesticide bottle next to it" and "I just ate mushrooms picked from the mountain", which is longer than what you said. After all, what we ordinary people can do is to give more key information to professionals, which is enough.