Basic first aid skills popularization training

If ordinary people master 3-5 core basic first aid skills, they can increase the patient's survival rate by more than three times during the golden 4-minute treatment window for cardiac arrest. Participating in formal basic first aid skills popularization training is the only reliable way for ordinary people to avoid rescue risks and master correct operations.

When I was doing science popularization in an old community in Hangzhou last month, I happened to encounter a real case: a 32-year-old courier boy suddenly fell to the ground and lost consciousness while unloading parcels. There was a circle of people around him and no one dared to move. Fortunately, Lao Zhou, who runs a convenience store downstairs, just came to my place a week ago. After our first aid class, we rushed forward and touched the carotid artery to confirm that there was no pulsation. We immediately knelt down and performed chest compressions. By the time 120 personnel arrived, the boy had already resumed weak spontaneous breathing. Later, during a follow-up visit, I heard that he was rescued without any serious sequelae. Lao Zhou told me afterwards that if he had not participated in that training, he would not have dared to come forward. "After all, the videos on the Internet have a lot of things, so how can I really try it on people?"

There is a mixed bag of information about first aid on the Internet today. Many people say that you can learn it by watching two short videos. Others think that it is useless for ordinary people to learn it, but will make them more responsible. There have always been two voices in the first aid training circles I have been in contact with: one group believes that "minimalist first aid" should be vigorously promoted. As long as ordinary people can call 120 and do chest compressions, they do not need to learn too many complicated operations to avoid misremembering them.； The other group believes that hemostasis, bandaging, and fracture fixation should be universalized to deal with more emergency scenarios. In fact, both statements are reasonable. It depends on your needs for learning first aid - if you just want to increase the safety of yourself and those around you, it is enough to understand the core 4 items first. If you often participate in activities such as outdoor hiking and volunteering, it is not too late to learn advanced content in depth.

To be honest, I have seen too many "first aid experts" with half a bucket of water in trouble: last time a young man said that he learned the Heimlich maneuver online, and when a colleague got stuck in his throat after eating fish, he went up to him and pressed his stomach. As a result, his ribs were cracked and the fish bone had not come out. Later, we told him that if the patient can still speak and cough loudly, it means that the airway is not completely blocked. At this time, he can just let him cough on his own, but pressing indiscriminately may cause problems. There are also people who have learned CPR and press on her no matter what the situation is. Last time, an aunt suffered from hypoglycemia and the person next to her tried to press on her chest. Fortunately, we stopped her. The prerequisite for CPR must be that the patient loses consciousness, has no breathing, and has no carotid artery pulse. If any of the three conditions are missing, you cannot press indiscriminately. By the way, there are now different guidelines recommending whether to perform artificial respiration during cardiopulmonary resuscitation. In recent years, the American Heart Association has launched "chest compression-only CPR" suitable for ordinary people. If you have not received systematic training and do not have a disposable breathing membrane around you, you do not need to perform artificial respiration. Just keep pressing. The effect is not much worse than adding ventilation. ； If you have formal training and protective equipment, it is of course better to follow the standard procedure of 30 compressions and 2 ventilations.

There is also the issue of rescue responsibility that many people are most concerned about. In fact, the "Good Person Law" in the Civil Code has long made it clear that if the rescuer voluntarily performs emergency rescue actions and causes damage to the recipient, the rescuer will not bear civil liability. We will talk about this in the first class of every training, just to give everyone reassurance. Of course, this does not mean that you can operate blindly. The first step taught in formal training is always to judge the safety of the environment - for example, if you encounter a car accident, you must first confirm that there is no risk of secondary collisions around you before approaching, so as not to be hit by a car yourself. ； If you encounter someone who gets an electric shock, first pull the switch or use an insulating object to separate the wires. Do not go up and touch the person directly, otherwise you will be killed.

I have been doing emergency science popularization for almost 6 years. What impressed me most was that last year, a 10-year-old boy came to class with his mother and learned the Heimlich maneuver. Later, when his grandma got her throat stuck after eating glutinous rice balls at home, he stood on a small stool and gave her abdominal shocks, causing the glutinous rice balls to cough up. Later, his family specially gave us a banner. Do you think it’s useful to learn this? For most people, it may not be used in their lifetime, but as long as it is used once, it is a life-saving thing.

Recently, our public welfare training is free. Each session lasts for 2 and a half hours. There are medical simulators to give you repeated practical exercises. After the completion, you can get a certificate of completion of the popular science training. If you are interested, you can sign up on the official account of the local Red Cross or emergency management department. Don't think that first aid is a doctor's business. The few minutes you spend at the scene are more important than any operations after 120 arrives.